Each dosha has certain attributes. Charaka, the great Ayurvedic physician of ancient times found that all organic and inorganic substances as well as thought and actions have definite attributes. These attributes are paired into opposite pairs. These opposite forces function together. Basically, the universe is the manifestation of the two opposites, male and female energy. These paris of opposites must be understood as having relative relationships, relative to subject, individual, etc…
Vata represents dry, light, cold, rough, subtle, mobile, and clear qualities.
Pitta is similar, hot, sharp, light, liquid, mobile, and slightly oily qualities.
Kapha’s are heavy, slow, dull, cold, oily, liquid, smooth, slimy, dense, soft, cloudy, and static.
In Ayurveda it is law that like increases like. Thus these attributes are increased during the doshas time of year which can cause aggravated states of imbalance in the body. The concepts of Ayurveda therapeutics, pharmacology, and food preperation is all based off the twenty attributes.We will now consider each attribute and the effects on the dosha.
1.) Heavy: The heavy quality increasesKapha and decreases Vata and Pitta. Meat, cheese, and sugar are heavy in quality. Eating heavy foods causes weight gain. Sleeping more than 10 hours creates a heaviness through out the day. Eating too much and not exercising is heavy. We need the quality of heavy in our lives to be grounded and centered, but too much slows digestion, metabolism, and creates dullness of all the senses.
2.) Light: This quality increase Vata and Pitta and decreases Kapha. This quality makes the body alert and attentive. But, too much causes spaciness, instability, insecurity, fear, and anxiety.
3.) Slow/Dull: Increases Kapha reduces Vata & Pitta. This quality creates sluggishness, slow action, relaxation, dullness, as well as calm, quiet, and silence. Rich and fatty foods induce this quality.
4.) Sharp: Sharp increases Vata and Pitta and decreases Kapha. This quality is present in spicy foods and spices such as cayenne pepper. It improves learning, concentration, and comprehension. In excess to much spice can create ulcers and acid reflux especially in Pitta.
5.) Cold: Increases Vata and Kapha decreases Pitta. It creates numbness, unconsciousness, contraction, stagnation, fear, and insensitivity in the body. Cold creates accumulated states of mucous (kapha). It slows digestion and reduces immunity.
6.) Hot: Increases Pitta and decreases Vata and Kapha. Heat stimulates the digestive system, improves circulation, absorption, and assimilation. It liquefies Kapha and calms Vata. Hot can cause irritability in Pitta.
7.) Oily: Increases Kapha and Pitta decreases Vata. It creates smoothness, lubrication, moisture, and vigor. It is nourishing and promotes compassion. In Ayurveda fat is called Medas and Medas means Love.
8.) Dry: INcreases Vata and decreases Pitta and Kapha. It makes the stool dry and hard (constipation) , It stimulates fire because fire is dry. This brings constriction to airways, spasms, pain, coughing and choking. Dry weather aggravates Vata and causes dry skin. The emotions of fear, loneliness, and nervousness are dry in quality. When a person is lonely the dry quality is aggravated. It also creates, isolation, seperation, and rejection.
9.) Smooth/Slimy: Increases Pitta Kapha and decreases Vata. Cheese and oils increase pitta while avocados and dairy increase Kapha. This quality lubricates and makes the body flexible. It prevents arthritis.
10.) Rough: Increases Vata and decreases Pitta and Kapha. It increases dryness and constipation.All raw vegetables are rough and provoke Vata. This quality is in all beans even after cooked, they are still rough, astrigent, and produce gas (vata).
11.) Dense: Increases Kapha and decreases Vata and Pitta. Meat and cheese are dense. It helps ground. When Vata is high you may crave a juicy hamburger or a sweet potato something grounding. It helps bring a sense of stability. Density promotes solidity and strength (Kapha).
12. Liquid: Increases Pitta Kapha and decreases Vata. This liquid quality promotes salivation, compassion, and cohesiveness. Excess intake of liquid such as water can cause water retention and bloating.
13.) Soft: Increases Pitta and Kapha and decreases Vata. It creates delicacy, relaxation, tenderness, love, and caring. It provokes mucous, and increases Kapha in the system. The soft quality calms Vata because Vats is rough. Love is soft anger is hot, sharp, and penetrating; fear is dry and rough. Sleeping in a soft bed especially a water bed will increase Kapha energy.
14.) Hard: Increases Vata and Kapha and decreases Pitta. It increases hardness, strength, rigidity, selfishness, and insensitivity in the mind. With Pneumonia the lungs become hard. Sleeping on a hard bed increases vata. Callouses on the hand and feet are of hard quality.
15.) Static: Increases Kapha decreases Pitta and Vata. It promotes stability and support. Sitting quietly like meditating brings static quality and helps heal.
16.) Mobile: Increases Vata and Pitta decreases Kapha. It promotes motion, shakiness, and restlessness. Our thoughts, feelings, and emotions are mobile. Insecurity comes from a mobile quality. Jogging, running, jumping, and physical activity are samples of mobile quality and it increases Vata in the whole system.
17.) Subtle: Increases Pitta and Vata decreases Kapha. Many herbs and essential oils are subtle in their quality.
18.) Gross: Increases Kapha and decreases Vata and Pitta. Meat and cheese are gross in quality and can cause obstructions and obesity.
19.) Clear: Increases Vata Pitta decreases Kapha. It creates pacification and division. An access of clear quality can come from too much cleansing aggravating Vata and Pitta.
20.) Cloudy: Increases Kapha and decreases Pitta and Vata. It creates both a lack of clarity and perception.